archdb

LLM architectures and pretraining recipes, with sources.

MiMo-V2.6-Flash

Xiaomi · reasoning checkpoint

No base checkpoint is public; facts describe the released post-trained checkpoint. Architecture from the RL release; recipe facts from the V2.6 technical report.

Open in the comparison table Hugging Face ↗ Paper ↗

KV calculations use one sequence at 131,072 tokens and 16-bit cache elements. They include bounded sliding-window caches. This is retained cache payload, not peak prefill memory. The comparison table also offers sourced mixed-precision layouts, including quantization scales.

Release

Released

2026-09-22

Source: blog · Introducing MiMo-V2.6 series; header
September 22nd, 2026 Introducing MiMo-V2.6 series

Same post: 'Today, we are releasing and open-sourcing the MiMo-V2.6 series.'

Date the weights (or, if earlier, the technical report) were first made public, YYYY-MM-DD, as dated by the publisher. A Hugging Face repository creation date is used only when no dated publisher page exists, with a note.

License

mit

Source: model-card · README.md; front matter
license: mit

License of the released weights as declared by the publisher (model card metadata or license file), e.g. apache-2.0, mit, or the name of a custom license.

Input modalities

text + image + video + audio

Source: model-card · README.md; Model Summary
Modalities: Text, Image, Video, Audio

Input modalities of the released checkpoint as the publisher states them, from: text, image, video, audio, joined with ' + ' in that order ("text", "text + image + video").

Parameters

Total params

310B parameters

Source: paper · PDF page 6; Table 1
# Total Parameters 310B 1.02T

Total parameter count as reported by the publisher. See params.note for whether embeddings, MTP heads or vision towers are included.

Active params

15B parameters

Source: paper · PDF page 6; Table 1
# Active Parameters 15B 42B

Parameters used per token in the forward pass, as reported by the publisher.

Active non-embedding (stated)

Not disclosed

Active parameters excluding the input embedding and the output head (unembedding). Stated by the publisher, or computed from params.active by subtracting vocab × d_model for each of the embedding and output head that params.active is stated to include (basis inferred, note with the arithmetic). Not disclosed when the scope of params.active is not stated.

Counted total params

308.8B parameters

Calculated: embedding + output head + all experts + other weights, XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.6-Flash-RL@dcd3fd8 safetensors headers; reproduces stated total (other modalities) and active (with output head)

Parameters of the text backbone counted from the released checkpoint's safetensors headers (embedding, output head, all experts and other weights; excluding MTP modules, vision/audio towers and n-gram lookup tables). Shown only when the counts reproduce the publisher's stated total and active parameters within 5% under some scope.

Counted embedding + head

1.25B parameters

Calculated: input embedding + output head, XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.6-Flash-RL@dcd3fd8 safetensors headers

Input embedding plus output head (once if tied), counted from the checkpoint.

Non-emb. params (counted)

307.5B parameters

Calculated: dense + routed backbone weights; excludes input embedding, output head, lookup tables, MTP and other modalities, XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.6-Flash-RL@dcd3fd8 safetensors headers; reproduces stated total (other modalities) and active (with output head)

Language backbone weights excluding input embeddings, output head, lookup/Engram tables, MTP modules and vision/audio towers. Equals params.counted_total minus params.counted_embedding. Same validation as params.counted_total.

Largest layer (counted)

6.538B parameters

Calculated: max(sum of dense and routed weights sharing a full layers.<index> tensor path), all experts included, XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.6-Flash-RL@dcd3fd8 safetensors headers

Largest group of language-backbone weights sharing a full layers.<index> tensor path, including every routed expert. Excludes lookup/Engram tables, embeddings, output head, MTP and other modalities. Hybrid checkpoints may store mixers and FFNs as separate layers. All-gather volume also depends on wrapping, sharding and dtype.

Active non-emb. (counted)

14.2B parameters

Calculated: non-expert weights + routed experts × 8/256, excluding embedding and output head, XiaomiMiMo/MiMo-V2.6-Flash-RL@dcd3fd8 safetensors headers; reproduces stated total (other modalities) and active (with output head)

Active parameters per token excluding the input embedding and output head, counted from the checkpoint as all non-expert weights plus routed-expert weights × top_k / experts. Same validation as params.counted_total.

Counting scope

Table 1 'Main Block' (text backbone); the card states 309B total. The 681M MiMo-ViT and the audio encoders (308M + 127M) are listed separately; MTP modules are not itemized.

Source: paper · PDF page 6; Table 1
# Total Parameters 310B 1.02T

What the publisher's counts include or exclude (MTP modules, embeddings, vision encoder, n-gram tables).

Shape

Layers

48

Source: config · /num_hidden_layers

Number of transformer blocks in the main backbone (attention or token mixer plus FFN), excluding MTP modules.

d_model

4,096

Source: config · /hidden_size

Residual stream width.

Vocab

152,576

Source: config · /vocab_size

Embedding table rows (vocab_size in config, may include padding).

Tied embeddings

No

Source: config · /tie_word_embeddings

Input embedding and output head share weights.

d_model / layers

85.3333

Calculated: d_model / layers

Width-to-depth ratio, d_model divided by the number of blocks.

Attention

Token mixers

GQA, SWA

Source: paper · PDF page 4; §2.1
interleave Local Sliding Window Attention (SWA) and Global Attention (GA)

Token-mixing layer types in the backbone, e.g. GQA, MLA, SWA, Gated DeltaNet, Mamba-2, DSA (DeepSeek sparse attention).

Layer layout

Global at layers 0, 5, 11, 17, 23, 29, 35, 41, 47; SWA elsewhere (0-based)

Inferred from the source; see the explanation below.

Source: config · config.json; /hybrid_layer_pattern
"hybrid_layer_pattern": [ 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

N is not given in the report. Config hybrid_layer_pattern has runs of 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 SWA layers between globals, with layers 0 and 47 global. /hybrid_layer_pattern: 1 = SWA, 0 = global (MiMoV2DecoderLayer); ordered backbone only.

Token-mixer order, summarized as a pattern or layer positions. The fact's optional sequence lists each mixer in order; a ratio alone does not establish the order. Auxiliary prediction modules and standalone FFNs are excluded.

Global-attention layers

9

Source: config · /hybrid_layer_pattern | count 0

0 = full attention, 1 = SWA (modeling_mimo_v2.py MiMoV2DecoderLayer). Global layers at 0, 5, 11, 17, 23, 29, 35, 41, 47.

Layers whose KV cache grows with full context (dense or sparse global attention, MLA). Excludes sliding-window and linear/recurrent layers.

SWA : global

4.33333

Calculated: attn.local_layers / attn.global_layers

attn.local_layers divided by attn.global_layers, the sliding-window to global interleave ratio (5 for '5 SWA : 1 global').

Sliding-window layers

39

Source: config · /hybrid_layer_pattern | count 1

Layers with a fixed attention window.

Query heads

64

Source: config · /num_attention_heads

Query heads in the global-attention layers.

KV heads

4

Source: config · /num_key_value_heads

Key/value heads in the global-attention layers. Not applicable to MLA, whose cache is a shared latent.

Heads × head dim

12,288

Calculated: heads × head_dim

attn.heads × attn.head_dim, the query projection width of global layers.

Q heads / KV head

16

Calculated: heads / kv_heads

attn.heads divided by attn.kv_heads in global layers.

QK head dim

192

Source: config · /head_dim

Query/key dimension per head in global-attention layers (for MLA, nope + rope dims).

V head dim

128

Source: config · /v_head_dim

Value dimension per head in global layers (MLA v_head_dim; stated for MLA even when equal to the QK head dim).

Window

128 tokens

Source: paper · PDF page 4; §2.1
The sliding window size 𝑊 used in MiMo-V2.6 is 128.

Config sliding_window 128 (read by SWA layers).

Sliding-window size of the local layers.

SWA KV heads

8

Source: config · /swa_num_key_value_heads

KV heads in sliding-window layers (stated even when equal to attn.kv_heads).

SWA query heads

64

Source: config · /swa_num_attention_heads

MiMoV2Attention.__init__ reads swa_* head counts and dims for SWA layers and the unprefixed keys for global layers.

Query heads in sliding-window layers (stated even when equal to attn.heads).

SWA QK head dim

192

Source: config · /swa_head_dim

QK dim; V dim is swa_v_head_dim 128.

Query/key head dimension in sliding-window layers. Value head dimensions may differ; see attn.local_v_head_dim.

SWA value head dim

128

Source: config · /swa_v_head_dim

Value head dimension in sliding-window layers, when separately specified. KV formulas use this value when present, otherwise the explicit global value dimension, or the local QK dimension when no separate value dimension is given.

Positional encoding

partial RoPE (64 of 192 QK dims; base 1e7 global, 1e4 SWA)

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2Attention.__init__
self.rope_dim = int(self.head_dim * getattr(config, "partial_rotary_factor", 1.0))

partial_rotary_factor 0.334, rope_theta 1e7, swa_rope_theta 1e4 in config.

Positional scheme in global layers: RoPE, partial RoPE, NoPE, or mixed per layer type.

RoPE base

10,000,000

Source: config · /rope_theta

RoPE base frequency of the global layers at release.

SWA RoPE base

10,000

Source: config · /swa_rope_theta

MiMoV2RotaryEmbedding(is_swa=True) replaces rope_theta with swa_rope_theta.

RoPE base frequency of the sliding-window layers (stated even when equal to attn.rope_theta).

Rotary fraction

0.334

Source: config · /partial_rotary_factor

Fraction of each head's QK dimensions that are rotated.

QK norm

No

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2Attention.forward
query_states = query_states.view(*input_shape, self.num_attention_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)

No norm between projection and RoPE in either layer type.

Queries and keys are normalized per head before the dot product.

Attention scaling

values × 0.707

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2Attention._forward_attention
value_states = value_states * self.v_scale

v_scale is config attention_value_scale (0.707), applied in all attention layers; not mentioned in the report. QK scaling is the standard head_dim**-0.5.

Query-key scaling when it is not 1/sqrt(head_dim), e.g. query_pre_attn_scalar, length-dependent (SSMax-style) scaling, or value scaling.

Attention sinks

learnable per-head sink bias on SWA layers only

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2Attention.__init__
or (getattr(config, "add_swa_attention_sink_bias", False) and is_swa)

Config: add_swa_attention_sink_bias true, add_full_attention_sink_bias false.

Learned sink logits or sink bias in the softmax, with the layer types that use them.

QKV bias

No

Source: config · /attention_bias

Query/key/value projections have bias terms.

Feed-forward

Activation

SwiGLU

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2MLP.forward
return self.down_proj(self.act_fn(self.gate_proj(hidden_states)) * self.up_proj(hidden_states))

act_fn is config hidden_act silu; routed experts use the same MiMoV2MLP.

FFN activation (SwiGLU, GeGLU, ...).

Dense FFN dim

16,384

Source: config · /intermediate_size

Dense FFN in layer 0 only.

Intermediate width of the dense FFN layers that are actually executed.

Dense FFN / d_model

4

Calculated: ffn.dim / d_model

ffn.dim divided by shape.d_model.

Mixture of experts

Routed experts

256

Source: config · /n_routed_experts

Routed experts per MoE layer.

Experts per token

8

Source: config · /num_experts_per_tok

Routed experts selected per token.

Shared experts

0

Source: paper · PDF page 4; §2.1
Both the SWA block and the GA block utilize a sparse MoE FFN without shared experts.

Always-on experts per MoE layer.

Expert dim

2,048

Source: config · /moe_intermediate_size

Intermediate width of one routed expert.

Leading dense layers

1

Source: paper · PDF page 4; §2.1
The only exception is the very first Transformer block, which uses global attention with a dense Feed-Forward Network

Config moe_layer_freq is 0 for layer 0 only.

Number of initial blocks that use a dense FFN instead of MoE.

Router score

sigmoid

Source: config · /scoring_func

topk_method noaux_tc: MiMoV2MoEGate adds e_score_correction_bias to the scores for top-k selection only; how it was trained is not stated.

Gating function over expert logits (softmax, sigmoid).

Load balancing

Not disclosed

Load-balancing method, with coefficients where disclosed.

Renormalize top-k

Yes

Source: config · /norm_topk_prob

Selected expert weights are renormalized to sum to 1.

Expert dim / d_model

0.5

Calculated: moe.expert_dim / d_model

moe.expert_dim divided by shape.d_model.

Sparsity (experts / top-k)

32

Calculated: experts / top_k

Routed experts divided by experts selected per token.

Active / total

0.0483871

Calculated: params.active / params.total

params.active divided by params.total.

Multi-token prediction

MTP depth

Not disclosed

Additional future tokens predicted during pretraining (0 when the model was trained without MTP).

MTP FFN

dense

Source: paper · PDF page 4; §2.1
MiMo-V2.6 also integrates an SWA and dense FFN based MTP

FFN in the MTP module: 'dense' or 'MoE', with its width when it differs from the backbone.

MTP shares embedding/head

Yes

Source: paper · PDF page 5; Figure 2
LM Head (tied)

Figure 2 labels the MTP block's embedding and LM head as tied to the main model's; the weight index has no MTP embedding or head weights.

MTP modules use the main model's input embedding and output head.

MTP weights released

Yes

Source: config · model.safetensors.index.json; weight_map
"model.mtp.layers.2.eh_proj.weight"

Native MTP: three SWA + dense-FFN modules, used in pretraining (§2.1) with the count during pretraining not stated. The 5-layer DFlash drafter (dflash/), which the card calls MTP, is a separate speculative decoder.

The released checkpoint contains the MTP module weights.

Normalization and stability

Norm

RMSNorm

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2DecoderLayer.__init__
self.input_layernorm = MiMoV2RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layernorm_epsilon)

Normalization layer type in the blocks.

Norm placement

pre

Source: code · modeling_mimo_v2.py; MiMoV2DecoderLayer.forward
residual = hidden_states hidden_states = self.input_layernorm(hidden_states)

Pre-norm, post-norm, or sandwich (pre and post).

Norm epsilon

1e-06

Source: config · /layernorm_epsilon

Epsilon of the block normalization layers.

Context length

Pretraining context

32.77K tokens

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1
We begin pre-training with a context length of 32K tokens and extend it to 256K partway through training.

Sequence length of the main pretraining stage.

Trained context

1.049M tokens

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.2
then extend the context length to 1M in the final stage.

Reached in mid-training, after the 48T-token pretraining.

Longest sequence length trained on after context extension.

Advertised context

1.049M tokens

Source: model-card · README.md; Model Summary
Context Length: 1M tokens

Config max_position_embeddings 1048576.

Longest context the publisher says the model supports, possibly beyond trained length via RoPE scaling.

Extension method

32K to 256K partway through pretraining; mid-training at 256K, then 1M in its final stage

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1, §3.2
We begin pre-training with a context length of 32K tokens and extend it to 256K partway through training.

How context was extended (stages, RoPE base change, YaRN factor).

Pretraining recipe

Pretraining tokens

48T tokens

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1
MiMo-V2.6-Flash is trained on 48T tokens, comprising 26T tokens in the text stage and 22T in the omni stage.

Excludes mid-training, whose token count is not stated.

Tokens seen in pretraining including annealing and context extension, as reported.

Optimizer

AdamW

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1
We employ the AdamW optimizer in the pre-training of MiMo-V2.6.

Mid-training switches hidden weight matrices to Muown (a Muon variant); embeddings, LM head and router stay on AdamW.

Optimizer used for the bulk of parameters.

Peak LR

Not disclosed

Peak learning rate of the main pretraining stage.

Final LR

Not disclosed

Learning rate at the end of the decay.

LR schedule

Not disclosed

Learning-rate schedule shape with phase boundaries.

Warmup

Not disclosed

Warmup length in steps or tokens.

Batch size

Not disclosed

Global batch size, including any batch-size ramp: sequences × sequence length (token total), or the token total alone when only that is stated.

Weight decay

Not disclosed

Decoupled weight decay coefficient.

Adam betas

Not disclosed

(beta1, beta2) of the Adam-family optimizer or its AdamW fallback.

Grad clip

Not disclosed

Global gradient-norm clipping threshold.

Training precision

Not disclosed

Matmul precision of pretraining (BF16, FP8 recipe, NVFP4 recipe) with the scaling granularity where disclosed. Never inferred from the released checkpoint dtype.

Data mix

text (web, books, papers, code, STEM); vision (captioning, grounding, OCR, GUI, conversation, video, visual coding); audio (speech-text interleaving, ASR, audio captioning)

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1
The text corpus draws from a broad range of sources, including public web content, books, academic papers, code, and STEM materials.

Pretraining data composition as disclosed (domain shares, synthetic fraction, repetition).

Stages
  • text

    Tokens
    26000000000000
    Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1
    MiMo-V2.6-Flash is trained on 48T tokens, comprising 26T tokens in the text stage and 22T in the omni stage.

    Text-only language backbone.

  • omni

    Tokens
    22000000000000
    Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1
    MiMo-V2.6-Flash is trained on 48T tokens, comprising 26T tokens in the text stage and 22T in the omni stage.

    Joint training with the ViT and audio encoder on omni-modal data.

Source: paper · PDF page 7; §3.1

Ordered pretraining stages. Each item: name, tokens, seq_len, lr, batch_tokens, batch_sequences, steps, note, quote, and source when it differs from the fact's source.

Scaling & HP transfer

Tokens / param

154.839

Calculated: train.tokens / params.total

train.tokens divided by params.total.

Tokens / active param (non-embedding)

3,381.23

Calculated: train.tokens / params.counted_active_non_embedding

train.tokens divided by params.counted_active_non_embedding, or by the stated params.active_non_embedding when there is no validated checkpoint count.

KV cache

KV bytes / token

23,235 bytes

Calculated: kv.bytes_at_context / 131072 tokens; uniform BF16, payload only; quantization overhead excluded. Global KV: 9 × (1280 × 16/8) B/entry; SWA KV: 39 × (2560 × 16/8) B/entry

Retained KV cache divided by context length, including bounded SWA caches and indexer keys. Exports use uniform BF16 at 131,072 tokens. The website can select uniform payload precision (no quantization overhead) or sourced component formats (including scales and documented padding). This is cache payload, not peak prefill memory or persistent prefix storage.

Global KV bytes / token

23,040 bytes

Calculated: 23040 B / 1 tokens (Global KV); uniform BF16, payload only; quantization overhead excluded. Global KV: 9 × (1280 × 16/8) B/entry; SWA KV: 39 × (2560 × 16/8) B/entry

Long-context global KV bytes per token, including indexer keys; excludes bounded SWA caches. Compression rates and cross-layer cache reuse are included. Exports use uniform BF16; the website's storage selector also applies here. This is the field to compare with global-KV figures in reports, using the matching storage recipe.

KV bytes / token / B active

1,549 bytes

Calculated: kv.bytes_per_token (131072 tokens) / (params.active / 1e9); uniform BF16, payload only; quantization overhead excluded. Global KV: 9 × (1280 × 16/8) B/entry; SWA KV: 39 × (2560 × 16/8) B/entry

kv.bytes_per_token divided by active parameters in billions (131,072 tokens in exports).

KV at context / B active

203,030,528 bytes

Calculated: kv.bytes_at_context (131072 tokens) / (params.active / 1e9); uniform BF16, payload only; quantization overhead excluded. Global KV: 9 × (1280 × 16/8) B/entry; SWA KV: 39 × (2560 × 16/8) B/entry

kv.bytes_at_context divided by active parameters in billions (131,072 tokens in exports).

KV at context

3,045,457,920 bytes

Calculated: 23040 B × 131072 (Global KV) + 199680 B × min(131072, 128) (SWA KV); uniform BF16, payload only; quantization overhead excluded. Global KV: 9 × (1280 × 16/8) B/entry; SWA KV: 39 × (2560 × 16/8) B/entry

Retained KV cache for one sequence at the selected context, including SWA windows and indexer keys. Exports use uniform BF16 at 131,072 tokens. Excludes recurrent state, compressor tail state, draft/MTP caches, temporary prefill tensors, allocator metadata and persistent prefix snapshots. Does not estimate peak prefill or total serving memory.

Evaluations

AA Intelligence Index

38

Source: leaderboard · Artificial Analysis model page /models/mimo-v2-6-flash, Wayback snapshot 2026-10-19
MiMo-V2.6-Flash scores 38 on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index

Variant: MiMo-V2.6-Flash. Index v4.3.2.

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index v4.3.2 of the post-trained model, from a dated Wayback snapshot of its Artificial Analysis page. The note names the variant (reasoning setting).

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